Implementasi Kebijakan Sumber Daya Manusia dan Akses Layanan Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak
Studi Kualitatif di UPTD Puskesmas Fodo, Gunungsitoli Selatan, Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62138/tuhenori.v3i3.166Keywords:
kebijakan SDM, akses layanan kesehatan, Puskesmas, ibu dan anak, pelatihan, insentif, rekrutmenAbstract
Studi ini menelaah bagaimana kebijakan sumber daya manusia (SDM)—rekrutmen, pelatihan, dan insentif—mempengaruhi akses serta kualitas/cakupan layanan kesehatan ibu dan anak di UPTD Puskesmas Fodo Kecamatan Gunungsitoli Selatan. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif (Desember 2024–Maret 2025), data dihimpun melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam (I1–I7), dan studi dokumentasi; dianalisis dengan model interaktif Miles dengan triangulasi sumber/teknik/waktu. Temuan utama menunjukkan: (1) rekrutmen berbasis kompetensi yang diikuti orientasi SPM memastikan ketersediaan tenaga dan pemahaman konteks layanan berbasis masyarakat; (2) penjadwalan fleksibel dan kolaborasi dengan pemerintah desa memperluas jangkauan terutama ke wilayah sulit; (3) insentif (honor, operasional, transport) menjaga motivasi dan kontinuitas layanan prioritas (imunisasi, Posyandu, kunjungan rumah), namun keterlambatan pencairan triwulanan sesekali mengganggu outreach; (4) pelatihan telah berjalan tetapi frekuensi dan relevansinya belum merata, ditutup sementara dengan peer sharing; (5) pengguna menilai akses “mudah dan nyaman”, meski pada puncak kunjungan waktu tunggu meningkat. Disimpulkan bahwa kebijakan SDM berimplikasi positif terhadap akses dan mutu, namun optimalisasi diperlukan melalui pelatihan berbasis kebutuhan yang terjadwal, insentif tepat waktu/berbasis kinerja, distribusi tenaga berbasis beban kerja, serta manajemen antrean. Keterbatasan lokus tunggal, data kualitatif, dan periode pengamatan singkat membatasi generalisasi.
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